IoT network segmentation is the practice of isolating Internet of Things devices into dedicated network segments separated from the corporate IT network, user devices, and other IoT device groups. This segmentation strategy contains the impact of compromised IoT devices and prevents them from being used as pivot points to attack higher-value assets.
IoT segmentation begins with device discovery and classification. Network scanning, traffic analysis, and device fingerprinting identify all IoT devices and categorize them by type, function, manufacturer, and risk level. Devices are then assigned to dedicated VLANs or network segments based on their classification. High-risk devices like IP cameras, building automation controllers, and medical devices receive their own segments. Firewall rules between segments enforce strict communication policies, allowing only the specific traffic flows required for device functionality. IoT devices typically need to communicate with their cloud management platform, a local management server, and perhaps a small number of other devices. All other traffic should be blocked. Network monitoring within IoT segments detects anomalous behavior that could indicate compromise, such as scanning activity, unexpected DNS queries, or communication with unknown external addresses. DNS filtering prevents IoT devices from resolving known malicious domains.
IoT devices are notoriously difficult to secure. They run embedded firmware that is infrequently updated, often use default credentials, lack endpoint security agents, and may contain unpatched vulnerabilities that will never be fixed by the manufacturer. Without segmentation, a compromised IoT device provides an attacker with access to the broader corporate network. Major breaches have originated from compromised IoT devices including HVAC systems, fish tanks, and security cameras.
CDA addresses IoT segmentation within the Vulnerability and Surface Defense domain. Our missions include IoT device inventory, risk classification, segmentation architecture design, firewall policy creation, and validation testing that verifies isolation effectiveness through controlled lateral movement attempts.